North India Representative
Educator & Librarian
- February 2022 Report
- November 2021 Report
- Exploring India
- Careers That Were Not on Our Radar a Decade Ago
- Revisiting Career Planning in India, August 2018
- National Program on Career Awareness in India
- A New Gen of Career and Education Counselling in India: Upsurge of Private Players in the Field of Career Guidance
- India 2015 Action Plan: The National Career Service
- Holistic Career Development System for India
- Career Guidance in India
- Optimistic GDP growth projections for FY 25 depends on strong government investment and effective inflation control for India to reach over 7% growth. { Ernst & Young (EY) report}
- India will require approximately 10 million new jobs each year from FY25 to FY30 to maintain an average GVA ( Gross Value Added) growthof 6.5% annually (Goldman Sachs Report)
- Government of India had established Indian Knowledge Sysytems Division (IKS Division) in the year 2020 under the Ministry of Education to promote, preserve and disseminate the traditional knowledge system and incorporate with the contemporary education sysytem. Emphasis is given to Sanskrit and other Indian languages and implement IKS with National Education Policy (NEP) 2020. IKS has gained it’s importance and is in the process of changing the Indian Education System.
Career and Labour Market Issues in India in August 2024
India, as one of the world’s largest and fastest-growing economies, faces a complex and dynamic labor market. Understanding the current career and labor market issues is crucial for policymakers, businesses, and individuals to navigate the evolving economic landscape. This report provides an
overview of the key trends, challenges, and opportunities in India’s labor market as of August 2024.
Current Economic Climate
India’s economy has shown resilience despite global uncertainties. The GDP growth rate for 2024 is projected to be around 6.5%, driven by robust domestic demand and a strong services sector. However, inflationary pressures and global economic slowdown pose challenges. The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has been balancing inflation control with the need to stimulate growth, impacting employment and investment decisions.
Employment Trends
The Indian job market is witnessing a mixed bag of trends. The technology and IT-enabled services (ITES) sectors continue to be significant employers, driven by digital transformation across industries. The manufacturing sector, particularly in pharmaceuticals and electronics, shows growth due to government initiatives like the Production Linked Incentive (PLI) scheme. However, sectors like real estate and traditional retail are experiencing slower growth due to subdued consumer demand and high borrowing costs.
Unemployment remains a critical issue, with the current rate hovering around 8%. Youth unemployment is particularly high, reflecting a mismatch between the skills of graduates and market needs. Rural areas face underemployment challenges, with many individuals unable to find
work matching their qualifications and skills. This disparity highlights the ongoing challenge of job creation and the need for regional development.
Skills and Education
The skills gap remains a significant concern. While India produces a large number of graduates annually, many lack the practical skills required by employers. The demand for skills in emerging technologies like artificial intelligence, data analytics, and cybersecurity is growing, yet the supply
of skilled professionals in these areas is limited. Initiatives such as the National Skill Development Mission aim to bridge this gap, but progress is slow.
The gig economy is expanding rapidly in India, with platforms like Swiggy, Zomato, and Uber providing flexible employment opportunities. However, the gig economy’s growth raises issues related to job security, benefits, and workers’s rights. The informal sector, which employs a significant portion of the workforce, faces similar challenges, with limited access to social security
and formal recognition.
Government Policies and Interventions
The Indian government has launched several policies to address labor market issues. The ‘Atmanirbhar Bharat’ (Self-Reliant India) initiative includes measures to boost manufacturing and create jobs. The new labor codes aim to simplify labor laws and provide greater flexibility to employers while protecting workers’ rights. However, the implementation of these policies and their impact on employment remains to be seen.
The Indian labor market faces several challenges, including economic uncertainties, a significant skills gap, and regional disparities in job opportunities. Automation and digitalization threaten traditional jobs but also offer opportunities for creating new roles in technology-driven industries.
The rise of remote work and the gig economy presents both challenges and opportunities in terms of worker rights and employment models.
In May 2024, the career landscape in India continued to evolve with a focus on digital transformation and sustainability. Key themes included:
- Digital Skills and Technology: The demand for digital skills, particularly in fields like data science, artificial intelligence, cybersecurity, and digital marketing, remained high. Online platforms and MOOCs (Massive Open Online Courses) were popular resources for skill development.
- Green Jobs and Sustainability: As India aims to achieve its climate goals, there has been a noticeable shift towards green jobs, including renewable energy, environmental management, and sustainable agriculture.
- Entrepreneurship and Startups: The entrepreneurial ecosystem continued to thrive, with support from both government initiatives and private investors. Resources such as incubation centers, mentorship programs, and funding opportunities were increasingly accessible.
- Remote Work and Hybrid Models: The continuation of remote and hybrid work models was a significant theme, with resources being directed towards improving digital infrastructure and remote work policies.
Highlights of Current Job Market (Bureau of Labor Statistics)
- Unemployment Rate: The unemployment rate stood at 6.4%, reflecting a slight decrease from previous months as businesses recovered post-pandemic.
- Sectoral Growth:
- The IT sector continued to expand, driven by the digital transformation needs of businesses. There was a high demand for software developers, IT consultants, and cybersecurity experts.
- There was an increased demand for healthcare professionals, including doctors, nurses, and healthcare support staff, partly due to ongoing public health challenges.
- The manufacturing sector saw growth, particularly in automotive and electronics, supported by government initiatives like the Production Linked Incentive (PLI) scheme.
Challenges in the Job Market
- Skill Gap: Despite the demand for skilled professionals, a significant skill gap persisted, particularly in advanced technology and specialized fields.
- Youth Unemployment: Youth unemployment remained a concern, with many graduates finding it challenging to secure jobs that match their qualifications and aspirations.
- Job Security: In some sectors, particularly those impacted by automation and digital transformation, job security was a concern. Workers in traditional roles faced the risk of redundancy.
Professional Development Opportunities & Resources
- The Indian government continued to support professional development through initiatives like the National Skill Development Mission and Digital India. These programs provided training in various sectors, including IT, healthcare, and manufacturing.
- Platforms such as Coursera, edX, and Udemy offered courses and certifications in diverse fields, making professional development accessible to a wider audience.
- Many industries provided specialized training programs, often in collaboration with educational institutions, to meet the specific needs of their workforce.
- Professional networks and mentorship programs played a crucial role in career development, offering guidance, industry insights, and opportunities for collaboration.
The career landscape in India is rapidly changing, with digital transformation, sustainability, and diversity driving new opportunities and challenges. The job market showed positive growth, although issues like the skill gap and youth unemployment need to be addressed. With a focus on
upskilling and professional development, there is potential for continued growth and innovation in various sectors.
1. Labour market of India is undergoing structural transformation (according to SBI Report)
6th annual Government’s Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) report reveals:
- decline in unemployment from 6% (FY18) to 3.2% (FY2023)
- increase in female labour force to 32% from 28% (2019-20)
- jump in self employment from 52.2% (FY18) to 57.3% (FY23)
2. India shows higher percentage of women in STEM fields (43%) as compared to United States (34%), United Kingdom (38%), Germany (27%) and France (32%)
3. All India Survey of Higher Education (AISHE) Report (2020-21) had been released by Union Ministry of Education which shows:
- 7.5% increase in students enrolments across the country as compared to 2019-20
- Gross enrolment Ratio (GER) increased by 2% to 27.3
- female enrolment in higher education increased to 49% as compared to 45% in 2019-20
- 4.6% rise in total student enrolment
- gender gap narrows
- rise in enrolment in minority communities
- gender disparity in STEM programmes. To promote STEM education among girl students, initiatives like Vigyan Jyoti and Engage with Science(Vigyan Prasar) have been launched by the Government and are running successfully
4. Two days International Conference on Career Coaching and Life Development: A Paradigm Shift (CCLD2024) was held at SGT Univerity, Gurugram, India on 18-19th Jan 2024 gracing with chief guest Dr.David Reile and Dr.Barbara Suddarth.
October 2023 North India Report
The Third Quarterly Report of India has many significant achievements in its pocket. These are:
Chandrayaan 3, India’s third lunar mission, achieved a historic milestone by successfully landing on the moon’s far side after a month-long journey through space. India became the first nation to position a rover near the southern pole, with the landing velocity well within test limits. Also, India becomes fourth nation to successfully land spacecraft on the moon. The mission aimed to demonstrate safe and soft lunar landing, rover mobility, and in-situ scientific experiments. India now joins the United States, Russia, and China as one of the few countries to successfully land on the Moon.
The 2023 G20 New Delhi Summit was the 18th meeting of G20 which was held in Bharat Mandapam International Exhibition- Convention Centre, Pragati Maidan, New Delhi on 9-10th September 2023. At the G20 Summit, under the theme of “Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam” OR “One Earth, One Family, One Future,” important issues such as food security, climate and energy, development, health and digitalization were discussed.
Recently, 20th Edition of the Times Higher Education (THE) World University Rankings 2024 have been released, in which as many as 91 Indian institutes have secured a place.
The 2024 rankings include 1,904 universities from 108 countries and regions.
The top university in India, the Indian Institute of Science (IISC), has returned to the global top 250, coming in the 201-250 band, for the first time since 2017. The second highest ranked universities in India are Anna University, Jamia Millia Islamia, Mahatma Gandhi University, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, which are all in the 501-600 band. Indian universities made significant gains this year, including five of the countries’ top universities.
India is now the fourth best-represented nation in the “THE World University Rankings”, with a record-breaking 91 Indian institutions included in the list.
The BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa) bloc met for its annual leader’s summit in Johannesburg, South Africa on August 22–24, 2023. The highlight of the fifteenth summit was the agreement to admit six new member countries: Argentina, Egypt, Ethiopia, Iran, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, who will officially join the group in January 2024.
The theme for the 15th BRICS Summit is “BRICS and Africa: Partnership for Mutually Accelerated Growth, Sustainable Development and Inclusive Multilateralism”. The expansion of the BRICS to a BRICS+ format and the adoption of guiding principles, standards, and procedures for the same, have potentially made the BRICS a more attractive institution for consensus-building and dialogue in the developing world.
The United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) in its India Ageing Report 2023 said that by 2046 the elderly population in India may likely surpass the population of children (aged 0-15 years) in the country. The elderly will make up of 20% of India’s population by 2050.
July 2023 North India Report
The second quarterly report of India highlights the following points:
- Indian Economy
- Survey Report
- Learning Revolution
- Upcoming Opportunities
Indian Economy:
The Indian economy remains resilient in the face of challenging global environment. A range of transformational government policies helped catalyse a sharp economic recovery and the resilience in growth that India is currently witnessing.
India’s economy is expected to grow in the range of 6.5- 6.7 % in the financial year 2023-24 as per CII (Confederation of Indian Industry) President R. Dinesh.
Tourism, Wellness, Skill Development, Livelihood business and future technologies are the few highlighted areas for the coming year.
Survey Report:
According to CMIE (Centre for Monitoring Indian Economy Pvt. Ltd.) – India’s unemployment rate increased in April 2023 to 8.11% from 7.8 % in March 2023. The unemployment has been on upward trend since the start of the year recording an increase for the fourth consecutive month.
Courses that are having good scope in future are:
- Data Science
- AI/ ML/ Robotics
- Engineering
- Medicine
- Management
- Environmental Science
India Skills Report 2023 emphasises on some of the crucial skills necessary by the year 2023:
- Digital Literacy
- Data literacy
- Critical Thinking
- Emotional Intelligence
- Creativity
Our Government and many Associations are working in the field of career development, skill development crossing many hurdles and challenges aiming for the betterment of happy living.
Learning Revolution:
Indian Education System is being revolutionised with the implementation of NEP (National Education Policy) which focuses on improving the quality of learning through innovative and dynamic teaching; focusing on the holistic development of a child. It also emphasises in simplifying the educational framework making it flexible for all age groups, focusing on skill development and promoting use of technology.
Upcoming Opportunities:
Global educational market saw immense growth last year with easy access to online education, a plethora of programs and certifications, flexible learning pathways which were possible with the advancement of technology. As job roles evolve, upskilling continues to be an important aspect. In 2023, professionals are investing in skill development programs to retain their jobs and accelerate their career progression. Digital Marketing, Data Analysis and Analytics, Management, Artificial Intelligence are the domains which are trending.
Individuals are supposed to keep themselves updated on
- the job markets
- future skills requirement
- Stay informed on latest information
- Update on industry trends
- Data Science was the top skill requirement followed by Software Engineering and the Management
- Artificial Intelligence and Cloud Computing programs were popular among professionals with 8+ years of work experience
- Data Science, Software Engineering and Management programs were pursued mostly by freshers and entry level professionals.
- Cybersecurity was pursued by professionals
April 2023 North India Report
The month of March marks as the end of financial year in India. Academic sessions of CBSE Board schools in India starts from April every year making it the busy time for all academicians and administrators. As per the Economic Survey (2022-23) of India, the GDP growth is of 6-6.8 % in 2023-24. Government also plans to increase the number of higher institutions like IIT, IIM, and IIIT.
New Education Policy (NEP) 2020 is going to be implemented in the educational system in India for which many conferences, discussions are going on. CollPoll’s NEP Survey 2022 reveals that 95% of Institutes had listed technology as the main reason for effective implementation of NEP.
- 88% of young employees in India are planning to change their jobs in 2023
- Hiring levels in India dropped by 23% in Dec 2022
- 78% of people said that they would be confident of finding other roles to apply for
- 54% of the respondents agree that India lacks their skillset, while 67% of the respondents agree that their job requires specialist training.
- 51% of those surveyed stated that their employer is not imparting relevant technical or digital skills training needed for their career as compared to 39% globally. To make up this shortage, they are turning to online learning platforms like Coursera, Up Grad etc.
Few Government Schemes on Education and Skill Development are:
- Green Skill Development Programme
- Skill development for minorities
- Vidya Lakshmi
The details are available in the NCS Portal (National Career Service): Portal of Government of India under Ministry of Labour and Employment.
November 2022 North India Report
Education in India – An Overview
- India surpassed China in the number of new unicorns created in the first half of 2022, according to the Hurun Global Unicorn Index 2022
- Nine Indian universities – the Indian Institute of Science (IISc) in Bengaluru and eight Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs) – were among the top 500 universities in the QS World University Rankings 2023.
- According to KPMG, India has also become the second largest market for E-learning after the US.
- Indian edtech start-ups have received total investment of US$ 3.94 billion across 155 deals in FY22.
- 100% FDI under automatic route is allowed in the Indian education sector.
Career Work with APCDA
Areas of Collaboration
- PACP India, an affiliate of APCDA, continues to engage with career enthusiasts and professionals focused on K-12 sector.
- Currently 87 PACP India members are first year members of APCDA
Areas of Collaboration
- We are exploring potential partnerships for designing a training and certification program for career professionals {K-12 Focused} and career enthusiasts.
August 2022 North India Report
Education in India – An Overview
- Education reforms are gaining speed, India now has a single test for over 35 central universities. This will significantly make higher education accessible and inexpensive.
- Career guidance in K-12 schools is gaining acceptance however needs regulation and standardisation.
- A total of 71 Indian institutions have been qualified for the Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2022, up from 63 in 2020.
- Indian HE institutions provide an excellent opportunity for individual practitioners and global HE institutions for partnerships.
- Indian HE space is open for foreign universities, with scope for 100% FDI.
- According to KPMG report, India has also become the second largest market for E-learning after the US.
- The online education market in India is expected to grow by US$ 2.28 billion during 2021-2025, growing at a CAGR of almost 20%. The market grew by 19.02% in India in 2021.
Career Work with APCDA
- An estimated 150 people are expected to join the industry association. All the members become APCDA affiliates by virtue of joining the association.
- We are exploring potential partnerships for designing a training and certification program for career professionals {K-12 Focused} and career enthusiasts.
- PACP India is seeking alliances with foreign HE Institutions to provide Indian students options to directly engage for guidance.
May 2022 North India Report
Education in India – An Overview
- India has the largest population in the world in the age bracket of 5-24 years with 580 million people, presenting a huge opportunity in the education sector.
- India has over 250 million school going students, more than any other country.
- Applications for the ‘Study in India’ programme increased by 146% in 2021.
- 12 Indian schools, including the Indian Institute of Science (IISc) in Bengaluru and six Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs), were among the top 500 universities in the QS Graduate Employability Rankings 2022, which was released on September 23, 2021.
- According to KPMG, India has also become the second largest market for E-learning after the US.
- The online education market in India is expected to grow by US$ 2.28 billion during 2021-2025, growing at a CAGR of almost 20%. The market grew by 19.02% in India in 2021.
- National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 emphasis on early childhood care and education. The 10+2 structure of school curricula is to be replaced by a 5+3+3+4 curricular structure corresponding to ages 3-8, 8-11, 11-14, and 14-18 year, respectively.
Career Work with APCDA
- Mr. Manoj Kumar Tiwari is presenting on National Education Policy introduced in 2020 at NCDA Conference.
- 3 applicants from India, were awarded scholarship for attending the APCDA Conference.
- PACP India, an affiliate of APCDA has grown to 87 members. Most of whom are in the K-12 space.
Areas of Collaboration
- We are exploring potential partnership for designing a training and certification program for career professionals {K-12 Focused} and career enthusiasts.
- PACP ;India is seeking alliances with foreign HE Institutions to provide Indian students options to directly engage for guidance.
February 2022 North India Report
Covid-19 Update
1. Even though the new variant Omicron increased the number of infections, it had a minimal impact on human life.
2. As a precautionary measure, educational institutions have returned to virtual learning.
Labour Market Information
1. As of January 2022, India’s unemployment rate was 6.5 percent, with 8.16 percent in urban areas and 5.84 percent in rural areas. 2. The unemployment rate in January 2020 was 7.22 percent.
2. According to the most recent global economic outlook growth predictions, India would grow at a rate of 9.0 percent in FY2022, the highest among advanced and emerging economies.
3. The rise of education technology opens a lot of opportunities for international career guidance organisations to look into India as a market.
Education Ecosystem (K-12)
1. As the new variant spread, K-12 schools were once again switched to virtual mode.
2. The pandemic continues to damage on the education system, particularly in private unaided institutions.
National Career Awareness Week
Organised between January 18-23, 2022, the event saw over 3000 individuals benefitting from the event, which includes 434 educators and 300 parents. Students from over 83 schools, from 21 cities, spread over 4 countries participated in the event.
Session recordings are available on YouTube channel www.youtube.com/c/npoca
Outreach Plan for India
To promote the work being done by APCDA and increase its members in India, NPOCA signed for the affiliate program of APCDA & added 57 members as on January 31, 2022. It is expected to cross 100 by February end.
November 2021 North India Report
Covid-19 Update
- Significant drop in the number of infections; despite the festive season, the numbers have been progressively decreasing.
- Students are returning to their respective educational institutions, as most states have given permission for classroom teaching.
- Covaxin receives WHO approval – It is the second big vaccine developed domestically. This would aid in the vaccination of various countries in Asia and Africa, particularly the underdeveloped ones.
- We anticipate that this would improve attendance at our annual conference in Singapore.
Labour Market Information
- The current unemployment rate in India is 7.5 percent as of October 2021, with about equal percentages in urban and rural areas. 2. The November 2019 unemployment rate was also 7.52 percent. This points to a strong recovery from late 2020 to early 2021, when unemployment was in the double digits.
- The economy is rapidly recovering, and conditions are likely to improve further in the first quarter of 2022.
- According to the Economic Outlook Survey conducted by industry association FICCI, the yearly median GDP growth prediction for 2021-22 is 9.1 percent.
- The growth of Ed. Tech, provides a lot of scope for global career guidance organisations to explore India as a market.
Education Ecosystem
K-12
- Most of the state governments have reopened schools across the country.
- The pandemic has severely stressed the education infrastructure in especially the private unaided schools, some of whom have closed operations for financial unviability
- 25% of the Indian schools are managed by Private institutions with no government aid.
- Access to career guidance services at schools is still a challenge. India would need to train close to a million educators to manage the career guidance needs of its Youth.
- As per a research conducted in 2020, less than 15% of the students have access to career counselors.
Graduate/Post Graduate
- Higher education institutions would need to make additional efforts to bridge the industry perception of passing out batch of 2021
- Placements in technical colleges has been better, primarily driven by IT companies.
Vocational Education
- Pandemic slowed the vocation education efforts in the country; it is expected to improve with covid restrictions being relaxed.
- Given India’s large population and high school dropout rate, vocational education is a national priority.
Market Research by NPOCA
This report provides insights on the existing career practices and the scope of career guidance in India. The study was conducted to understand the perspective (point of view) of Ed. Leaders for career guidance, it’s adoption, acceptability, value being attached and challenges in implementing such a program at school.
The study was conducted by NPOCA a social initiative focused on integrating career education in the schools curriculum.
National Program on Career Awareness (NPOCA)
The initiative completed its 1 year operations, serving over 700 schools and 35000 students. Several senior members from APCDA have volunteered their time for the initiative.
Over 75 online sessions were conducted for students, parents and educators. Access these sessions on YouTube www.youtube.com/c/npoca
Outreach Plan for India
In an attempt to promote the work being done by APCDA and increase its members in India, an outreach plan is being rolled out. The immediate focus for the year 2022 will be on K-12 schools.
Exploring India – APCDA’s 2020 Conference, March 10 – 15
Careers That Were Not on Our Radar a Decade Ago
by Dr. Vandana Gambhir Chopra
According to World Economic Forum: Human Capital Outlook Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) Report (2016), 65% of children entering primary school today will ultimately end up working in completely new job types that don’t yet exist. Many careers and occupations that we see in today’s job market did not exist 10, or even five, years ago. This fast-pace shift is going to go further faster due to rapid advances in the fields of robotics, driverless transport, artificial intelligence, biotechnology, advanced materials and genomics.
From wealth managers to data analysts and artificial intelligence programmers, the following is a collection of upcoming future careers that are going to be in demand.
1. Data Scientists
Data scientists are big data wranglers. They take an enormous mass of messy data points (unstructured and structured) and use their formidable skills in math, statistics and programming to clean, massage and organize them. Then they apply all their analytic powers – industry knowledge, contextual understanding and skepticism of existing assumptions to uncover hidden solutions to business challenges. Today’s companies are moving away from using simple statistical analysis and using artificial Intelligence and deep learning to predict and personalize recommendations at an individual level. It is one of the fastest growing fields in India.
2. Artificial Intelligence (AI) Programmers
Artificial intelligence (AI) is an area of computer science that emphasizes the creation of intelligent machines that work and react like humans. Some of the activities computers with artificial intelligence are designed for include Speech recognition, Learning, Planning and Problem solving.
3. Wealth Managers
Wealth managers provide financial services, investment advice, tax and accounts services, retirement and other plans to their clients. Wealth managers are engaged to give client-centered advice that best suits their client’s portfolio needs. Wealth management helps to enhance the financial situation of an individual or a company. A wealth manager develops a plan to maintain and increase wealth for a client by meeting on regular basis to discuss goals and performances as well as to re-balance financial portfolios.
4. Sustainability Experts
They are consultants who analyze the way an organization runs, the energy it consumes, and the waste it produces, and they find ways to bring the organization closer to sustainability. Many fashion companies are prioritizing sustainability and putting sustainable business models at the heart of their organizations. Their function is to ensure that the company is doing whatever they can to integrate sustainable sourcing and environmentally friendly practices.
5. Augmented & Virtual Reality Experts
Augmented reality works by providing a copied view of reality, which can then be altered and changed using computer-generated sensory input. From film and video games, to architecture and therapy, this technology allows designers to create new, immersive experiences that will transform the way things are built. Augmented Reality Architects play a big part in the creation of new products and structures.
6. Certified UAV Pilots
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), or drones, could range from full-sized planes to something small enough to fit in one’s hand. Drone pilot jobs are growing in demand at companies across the globe. Legacy giants and startups are scouting full-time drone pilots, often referred to as drone operators, as well as flight engineers. These innovative companies are staffing internal UAV and Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) programs, as well as a vast array of emerging drone-based products and services.
7. Education specialists.
Educational specialists evaluate and provide recommendations to improve curriculum planning, individual lessons and teaching methods at one or more grade levels. They also help coordinate and communicate expectations and progress among students’ parents/guardians, guidance counselors and teachers.
8. Nutrition and Health Specialists
Certified nutrition specialists counsel people on maintaining healthy diets and lifestyles. They also organize nutritional programs that focus on promoting health and controlling diseases. Many of the individuals in this career work in hospitals and nursing homes. However, some of these specialists are self-employed, which sometimes offers more flexibility in work hours but may also require working weekends and evenings in order to meet the needs of their clients’ schedules.
9. Blockchain Specialists
Bitcoin is the world’s first revolutionary cryptocurrency as well as a digital payment system invented by an unknown programmer, or a group of programmers, under the name Satoshi Nakamoto. Bitcoin today is widely used in many countries as a medium of payment and exchange. With bitcoin becoming the rage globally, industry experts expect this field to become a massive job creator. Blockchain is the technology that runs Bitcoin.
10. Mental Health Professionals
A mental health professional is a health care practitioner or community services provider who offers services for improving an individual’s mental health or to treat mental disorders. The aim of a mental health professional is to co-create a relationship where both professional and client interact with each other to reach a mentally healthy state. Psychologists, therapists, clinical social workers and psychiatrists are all mental health professionals. These individuals were the forefront brigade to develop the community programs, which today may be referred to by names such as supported housing, psychiatric rehabilitation, supported or transitional employment, sheltered workshops, supported education, daily living skills, affirmative industries, dual diagnosis treatment, individual and family psychoeducation, adult day care, foster care, family services and mental health counseling.
The previous list is just a snapshot of some of the New-Gen careers. Many new occupations will likely emerge based on what explorers and fun-minded visionaries imagine as being part of humanity’s best future.
(Acknowledgment: I would like to acknowledge my student, Ms. Somya Tondon, who helped me in compiling this list.)
Revisiting Career Planning in India
by Dr. Itishree Misra
India is culturally rich and diverse. In its pursuit of being the skills capital of the world, it is important that the educationists and policy makers in India be able to understand the intricacies behind career planning and its linkages to academic performance and human development. A majority of Indian students follow an unusual approach to set their career goals. Many times, driven by parental aspirations, students mix their career plans with education attainment, having no clue of resulting career options. Some students utilize their time in school and the choice of subjects available to them based on their academic performance to derive career options. This approach often leads to limited options. Still other students start thinking about their career options when their interest is ignited by a high school counselor, teacher, or an individual, who is considered as a role model. This, too, means exposure to limited options.
There are several job possibilities with any chosen career but students are not well informed about these opportunities. For example, an engineering career may lead one to be a scientist, product manager, designer or an entrepreneur. The primary reason for this chaos is that students are being guided through their schooling to fit in an education system rather than to think critically and plan their career. When in school, students’ aspirations may diverge. It may not be possible for them to pinpoint a particular career. Many students wish to cure cancer, combat hunger or reduce pollution; they dream of designing vehicles, studying the universe, starting a company of their own, and/or serving humanity. Each of these ambitions are legitimate, valuable, and flow logically from an education based on aptitude and personality type. Ironically, most of their aspirations get entangled with educational goals and end up with career paths which may not be the most appropriate. For example, to cure cancer one can do so by becoming an engineer, medical professional or member of a research team. One need not have all these degrees, but a specific career path based on aptitude and personality.
We all know that accomplishing a career goal becomes easier if one constructs a career plan with well-defined actions. I, additionally, have found that if students plan their career based on talent, then they tend to reach success on time, remain happy and adapt well to challenges in the world of work.
Let’s make career planning a part of the school curriculum. An agenda, which is long overdue.
Dr. Itishree Misra is Founder of MapMyCareer Private Limited, a career guidance and advisory organization focused on individuals in the age group of 12-25 years and an Organizatinal Member of APCDA. She completed her Doctorate in Psychology and has more than two decades of experience in career guidance.
National Program on Career Awareness in India
by Arun Mittal
Background: In 2022, India turns 75 and becomes the largest, youngest nation in the world. Sounds paradoxical! Yet, at 75 years young, India would be the largest country by population with the youngest potential workforce by age — a predicted national average just around 25 years. This has been a talking point for a long time, an opportunity to be the ‘stream’ engine of the future. Truly, a case of interdependence.
India is in the process of developing an appropriate ecosystem for Career Planning and Guidance. Given its size and diversity, this ecosystem development is daunting; addressing the huge chasm between global career and economic information, some of which is yet unknown, and helping youth make an informed career choice.The National Program on Career Awareness (NPOCA) is an attempt to bridge this chasm and provide an opportunity to the youth to understand the World of Work ‘up close’ and hear it ‘directly from the horse’s mouth’.
Initiation
NPOCA all started as an experiment to check the receptivity of schools for such a cause. Conceived as a week-long program, the push and encouragement helped this idea hatch. The whole world seemed to have conspired to make it happen. The main co-conspirators were Mrs. Manjula Raman, Sandeep Ghosh, Major General Jai Shanker Menon, Dr. Itishree Misra, Dr. Dharana, Nick Newman, Karen Taylor Brown, Dr. Brian Hutchison, Dr. Marilyn Maze, Kapil Nautiyal, Manish Gupta, Juhi Dwivedi, Shadab Faiz, and my friend Piyush. I would write seeking guidance, help and support, and they would all wave a big welcome and willingly share their expertise. I think the world loves to give gyan (read Preach, pun intended).>
The initial schedule for the week was put in place and a sample list of schools were invited. Some accepted, some suspected and many others called to check our hidden agenda. While disbelief and suspicion was understandable, given the way most of the organizations, abuse such platforms, the warmth of reception from principals, HoD’s and educators was overwhelming. Delivering a session remotely (online) wasn’t an easy concept, I remember calls from well-wishers strongly suggesting sessions be delivered directly, on-site at the schools.
Metamorphosis
Fifty days of persistent effort, saw 200+ schools coming on board as members. That’s roughly works out to 4 a day! (Author’s Note: Well done Akshat, Juhi and Shadab. It would not have been possible without you guys!) The encouragement, deep sense of gratitude and responsibility aided the decision to convert NPOCA to an ongoing program. The decision seemed almost spontaneous.
The NPOCA program currently offers expert advice from mentors across the world. The idea is to provide access to professionals who have been achievers in their own domain. By the time this article is published, educational posters, puzzles and career articles also will be available. The eventual goal is to have an online repository of all careers, education pathways and education financing; basically everything that a student needs!
Seeking Guidance
“Seeking Guidance” is still my favorite subject line for most of the emails I send regarding NPOCA. I’m almost tempted to replace it with the current tagline of NPOCA, “An attempt to make youth aware of tomorrow’s careers.”
Being able to create an ecosystem, where each participant is aware of the multitude of career options and chooses career “appropriately” . . . WOW! Currently our NPOCA team is chasing a goal of 1000 schools and a million students by end of this year. Then we hope to catch the attention of the policy makers and other change agents.
Collaboration is at the core of NPOCA, and the team will continue “Seeking Guidance” from the global fraternity. Student profiling, counselor training and assessments as well as further development of our career repository, digital library and platforms are some of the areas where we will be looking for partnerships. The program is an excellent opportunity for academic institutions and career guidance organizations from across the world to collaborate, with a long-term view on an opportunity called “India.”
Let’s Engage!
Arun Mittal is the Program Director of the National Program on Career Awareness and the CEO of MapMyCareer, a new online career planning program and an Organizational Member of APCDA. Previously, he built the distribution infrastructure for IndiaSkills, HR skill assessment and certification. Mr Mittal worked for IIHT, a pioneer in job-based IT training in India, to increase their market share and marketed training offered by Manipal Global, a professional and skills education business.
A New Gen of Career and Education Counselling in India: Upsurge of Private Players in the Field of Career Guidance
by Dr. Vandana Gambhir
The new generation of India is intrigued by the idea of selecting educational courses and careers according to their aptitude and interest instead of past trends of selecting popular careers as suggested by parents and a few handfuls of significant people. The youngsters, these days, want to explore their true potential and passion before selecting the right career track. Sensing the need of the hour, many private players have stepped into the field of career guidance acting as a mediating bridge between career aspirants and their destination profession. The private career practitioners are focusing on facilitating students’ lives to manage their educational, personal, social and professional aspirations. They are doing so by judging their career concerns through psychometric testing and one-to-one counselling. A student is advised to undertake a psychological test to gauge their interest, ability and aptitude. Many practitioners are also focusing on tapping the ability of a student in a particular vocational sector. This is done through a survey questionnaire in which an aspirant is given a range of questions related to the vocational sector of his ability. Mapping the career choice according to the results of a psychometric assessment or a survey questionnaire is just one aspect of orienting a candidate about the probable field of profession that he may choose.
The additional resource of counselling and building on career readiness abilities through workshops and in-depth counselling sessions add on to a student’s readiness for the profession. Students are also provided information regarding the academic courses, university college programs and complete career paths including future career growth and earnings that they can have in a particular profession. In short, they are given complete information about the latest trends in education and careers, as well as proper admission and application guidance.
This is turning out to be a revolutionizing change in the field of career development, giving a new direction to the youth which is promising and of their interest. They are now feeling capable of making decisions independently by establishing their own schedules. It has also opened the doors for private practitioners to “brand” and market their services specifically to career decision makers and career changers. A contemporary trend of establishing private counseling services has started in the country. It certainly is going to flourish in the near future.
India 2015 Action Plan: The National Career Service
by Prof. N.K. Chadha & Dr. Vandana Gambhir Chopra
Good News! India is set to launch its first National Career Planning & Development Policy for its potential youth and workforce. The Central Government of India has decided to transform a network of over 950 Employment Exchanges in the country to Career Centres under its Mission Mode Project of National Career Service (NCS). The NCS is proposed to serve as a one-stop platform for all employment-related services like career counseling, vocational guidance, placement, skill aptitude testing, apprenticeship, internship etc. for potential candidates. The project that has been granted an outlay of Rs.150 Crores budget will be serving the youth of the country with wise career choices so that they can actively contribute to an efficient workforce. The National Career Service is expected to be operational during 2015. Reaping the benefits of service, the unemployed candidates would be able to get free online career counseling and guidance through a single window NCS portal. Online information regarding various skill development courses, internships, and summer training workshops would also be made available for the potential job seekers and university students. Databases would be generated where students and job applicants will be able to enroll/register from anywhere using online forms without visiting career centres. The government aims to create a computerized system that will not just help in electronic processing of applications and online reports, but also speeds up the communication process among various stakeholders. “The project envisions a network of career centres for providing a variety of employment related services and development of a national portal to facilitate registration of job-seekers, job providers, intermediaries etc. and provide job matching services in a transparent manner,” the proposal said.
The Career Centres will be in direct communication with industries and employers for vacancy notifications and available job positions updating. A continuous interaction with training institutes is also proposed for consolidating training schedules and preparing a database of skilled workers. A link to connect the portal with educational institutes like schools, colleges, vocational institutes etc. will be provided for preparing a database of candidates for employers. The NCS will work under direct supervision of Central Ministries and State Governments who will be developing resources for Career Guidance and Counselling and will be responsible for connecting interlinkages among prime stakeholders. The plan to provide value-added services like SMS alerts, updates, notifications, IVRS, emails is also suggested to help candidates through various channels. Around 100 Model Career Centres are proposed to be established in collaboration with State Governments, Universities and Institutions during the 12th Five Year Plan of the country.
In short, through its first National Career Policy, the government wishes to create an education-employment-industry interface through one channel and connect employable talent and workers with job opportunity information and employers.
Holistic Career Development System for India
by Prof. N.K. Chadha & Dr. Vandana Chopra
India: Workforce Demographic Profile
Changing demographic profiles in India indicate that the country is standing at a historical juncture expecting to reap rich economic benefits in the coming few decades. The country’s working age population is expected to increase from approximately 761 million to 869 million during 2011-2020. Consequently, until 2020, India will be experiencing a period of “demographic dividend,” where the growth rate of the working age population would exceed that of the total population. India is poised to become the world’s youngest country by 2020, with an average age of 29 years, and account for 28% of the world’s workforce. With an estimate of around 12 million people to join workforce every year over the next decade, India is expected to have the largest workforce in the world by 2025. Clearly, the country faces a major challenge of imparting employable skills and career paths to its growing workforce over the next few decades. Fundamental to the future of country is a Holistic Career Development System that emphasizes on skill development and enhanced career awareness and preparation for youth and adults. Initiatives Taken By Government of India
To reap the benefits of demographic dividend, Government of India, in 2008, launched a comprehensive National Skill Development Mission (NSDM). The objective of NSDM is to develop a high-quality skilled workforce/entrepreneur relevant to current and emerging employment market needs. The mission is to create opportunities for all to acquire skills throughout life, especially for youth, women and disadvantaged groups. The aim is to enable the establishment of flexible delivery mechanisms that respond to the characteristics of a wide-range of needs of stakeholders. With National Skill Development Mission, India has set a target of skilling 500 million people by 2022.
Holistic Career Development System
The Skill Development Initiative taken by the government of India needs adoption of various innovative approaches to raise the capacity of the system over a limited period of time. One such approach is formulation of a Holistic Career Development System catering to the career/employment needs of the country. Presently, the career development practices in the country are at the infancy stage. There is an acute shortage of well qualified, trained career practitioners spanning all levels of education, colleges, universities, business, industry and workforce. India needs a large pool of career professionals to help people of all ages to investigate employment, work-related resources and training options. High quality guidance and counseling services are required to achieve the NSDM vision, to meet the needs of the national population and to support lifelong learning, career management and continuous professional development. The knowledge and technological skills of career counselors are needed to channelize candidates into jobs, apprenticeships and trainings. In addition, industry-exchange programs are required to ensure a dynamic pool of trainers with industry experience. Career professionals are also required within schools to inform students about various career options and facilitate a smooth transition from school to work. The country also realizes the need to forge partnerships between public and private, national and international organizations engaged in career development and enhancement practices to reap the benefits of its demographic bonus. In short, the country needs a holistic career development system comprised of wide mechanisms that link skills, demand and supply of workforce in industry with the help of trained and qualified career professionals.
Conclusion
A concerted effort by the government of India towards skill building and career planning needs to be exploited for better outcomes within a short span. The magnitude of the population currently in need of career guidance and counseling coupled with the growing demand for skilled workforce presents a challenge to the country. India requires a competent pool of career professionals to meet the growing need of the workforce and to meet its aforementioned vision of creating 500 million skilled people by 2022. The time is now to move precipitously to implement a holistic career development system for India.
Career Guidance in India
by N.K. Chadha
Each one of us has different identities within ourselves. It could be social or individual- One helps us in placing ourselves in society, whereas the other relates to our self worth. Occupational identity of a person constitutes of both social and individual importance. It is his occupation or career which builds on his standing in his own eyes and in eyes of society. This in itself justifies the importance career or career guidance plays in our lives. Career guidance starts from the very birth of a child, as his parents or grandparents continuously guides him towards what to choose or what not to choose. This pattern of guidance is very evident in our India culture. The influence parents plays on the minds of youngsters regarding choosing the right career is immense. This influence acts both in a negative and positive manner. Positive in the sense of giving a direction to the child and negative in restricting the mental boundaries of the kid. It’s not only the family but also the socio- economic backgrounds and environment which affect their career selection and even career development. Social and economic contexts provide the condition that shapes individual self- concepts or identity, the content and nature of the occupational structure, the form and freedom of access to work and who is likely to obtain what types of work. This has been the habitual ways of thinking for most Indian young people and their families. They have an amalgamation of attitude, opinions and notions which creates their idea of a career itself. For e.g.- which subjects a girl child should opt, what is best suited for a boy, what role a particular culture person should opt for, etc.
With the changing time, there has been a conscious attempt from the side of parents and children to look for diverse careers, get an understanding of them and then choose the right one. This trend is prevalent in urban areas. In rural areas the major chunk of students still don’t have any idea about the different professional courses or even the competitive exams for different careers. This discrepancy is vast in India. Technology has enhanced this difference. The access of internet and computers is easy in urban areas whereas as it is missing in the rural ones. Due to these technological changes on one side there is information overload and on the other side, a lack of proper information- both leads to difficulty in choosing the right path in life.
A trend which has recently been noticed in Indian society is the building of educational hubs. There are places which have the best facilities and infrastructure for educating kids. To become the best, students comes to these places, live without their parents and social support around, which in itself is mentally taxing for them. Most of the times, just to follow the rat race a kid comes over to another city or state for studying. It’s the lack of proper information and direction which leads them towards a wrong way. It is very important to open spheres for children, let them understand their capabilities and then accordingly, let them choose a career for themselves.
In the process of selecting what is right for them, it’s necessary that the support and guidance of parents, teachers, schools and colleges should always be there. It’s not only important for the children to have career counseling but it’s important for the parents and teachers to have full understanding of career options, so that they can suggest a good and fruitful path to the kids. The India Career Development Association is involved in educating the families as well as the school teachers and counselors to guide the school and college students to pick the right career path.